How to Manage and Identify the Boxelder Tree

Boxelder, also known as ash-leaved maple is one of the most common and adaptable urban trees in North America -- though  it also may be the trashiest from a visual perspective. Planting it next to your house is probably not a good idea. The best thing about the tree is that it is comfortable on poor sites where more desirable trees cannot maintain adequate health for long life. It is very commonly seen in the treeless plains and western United States as a street tree. You can use the tree for quick growth but plan to interplant with more desirable trees to provide for a lasting tree canopy. Boxelder can be a treasure on adverse tree sites. Boxelder Specifics The scientific name of boxelder is Acer negundo (AY-ser nuh-GUHN-doe). Common names include ashleaf maple, Manitoba maple, and poison ivy tree and the tree is a member of the plant family Aceraceae. Although considered by many a maple outcast, it is indeed in the maple family and the only native maple with more than one single blade or leaflet on a single leaf stalk. Boxelder grows in USDA hardiness zones 3 through 8 and is native to North America. The tree is sometimes crafted into a bonsai specimen but often used as a screen/ windbreak and for land reclamation. It grows rapidly, can become very large and needs a lot of space. Boxelder is still a very common tree to see in a yard or park west of the Mississippi River.​ Boxelder Cultivars There are several attractive cultivars of boxelder including Aureo-Variegata, Flamingo and Auratum. The cultivar Acer negundo Aureo-Variegata is noted for its leaves bordered in gold. Acer negundo Flamingo has variegated leaves with pink margins and is somewhat available at local nurseries. Acer negundo Auratum has abundant gold leaves but is a little harder to find. You must remember that even though these cultivars are ornamental, they still share the original boxelder tree’s undesirable characteristics that include unattractive female fruit and breakage that increase the chances of the trees early removal due to quick growth. Problems With Boxelder Boxelder is a rather unattractive tree where limbs break with a vengeance --  a landscape maintenance nightmare. The fruit droops in clusters which some describe as looking like dirty brown socks which adds to the overall trashy look of the tree. The boxelder bug makes things even worse. Robert Schafer / Getty Images Boxelder bug or Leptocoris trivittatus loves the boxelder tree. This half-inch red-striped insect is a true pest during winter where the adult multiplies and invades homes near where boxelder trees grow. It is one of the most common household pests in the United States. The bug emits a foul odor, stains fabric and can cause asthmatic reactions. It does no harm to the tree. Boxelder Description A boxelder in the landscape grows to a height of 25 to 50 feet, depending on tree variety and site conditions. One of the tallest ever measured had a recorded height of 110 feet. The trees crown spread is 25 to 45 feet and the crown is typically broad and ragged or disheveled. The tree often has multiple furrowed trunks or very squat single trunks. Flowers are without petals, dioecious and yellowish-green and the female tassels are very conspicuous. The very maple-looking seeds, called samaras hang in long, profuse clusters and stay on the tree throughout winter. Nearly every seed is viable and will cover up a disturbed area with seedlings --  a very prolific seeder is boxelder. Boxelder Leaf Botanics Leaf arrangement: opposite/suboppositeLeaf type: odd pinnately compoundLeaflet margin: lobed; serrateLeaflet shape: lanceolate; ovateLeaflet venation: pinnate; reticulateLeaf type and persistence: deciduousLeaflet blade length: 2 to 4 inchesLeaf color: greenFall color: orange; yellowFall characteristic: showy Pruning Boxelder You will have to prune this tree regularly.  Boxelder branches droop as the tree grows and will require pruning if you have consistent walking and vehicular traffic under the canopy. The tree form is not particularly showy and should be grown with one single trunk to maturity. The tree is susceptible to breakage and can occur either at the crotch due to poor collar formation, or where the wood itself is weak and tends to break. Superior Western Boxelders There are also good qualities of boxelders in western North America. It seems that the tree takes on positive characteristics in the west that is not seen in trees in the eastern half of North America. California interior boxelder takes on yellow and red colors in autumn that rival eastern maple. Its drought tolerance makes the tree a welcome plant in that dry country landscape and very easy on limited water resources.

The purpose of this assignment is to understand the...

The purpose of this assignment is to understand the importance of literacies, and why it should be a priority within the teaching context. This paper will compare and contrast the didactic pedagogy with critical pedagogy and will deeply look at the pros and cons of both literacies. Introduction Definition of literacy Literacy is the ability to read and write and use written information and to write appropriately in a range of contexts. It also involves the integration of speaking, listening, viewing and critical thinking with reading and writing, and includes the cultural knowledge which enables a speaker, writer or reader to recognise and use language appropriate to different social situations (Freebody Luke, 1990). The process of†¦show more content†¦They have smart hand device which allows them to connect to the social media and communicate anytime with people at a distance by sitting in any corner of the world, which can be identified as a new technology in educating students. An earlier generation learners expanded their knowledge of literacy by writing or reading in their spare time or watching a video on televisions or web comparing today’s generation who makes their own video on phones and cameras and upload them to web and have become more responsible. Students today are already very familiar with the concept of social media and the internet and have better understanding in utilizing technologies more than their parents and teachers. With the changing approach of students, it is essential for schools to embrace and adopt skills and learning requirements needed for the new generation. School environment is also changing at a fast pace nowadays because of technology and teachers accepting new learning pedagogy to educate the students which is quite essential. The new teachers are now collaborative professionals, sharing their learning designs to other teachers through internet and putting their efforts as a team. Moreover new teachers continuously assess the student learning and tracking progress accordingly even though students are working on a different things depending on their learning levels. Students wereShow MoreRelatedUnit 25 Ccld1039 Words   |  5 PagesGeneral Unit Objectives: ------------------------------------------------- Unit 25 – ------------------------------------------------- On completion of this unit a learner should: ------------------------------------------------- explore the different beliefs and religions that are part of societies today, enabling them to appreciate and understand the richness and ------------------------------------------------- diversity of multicultural life. 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He considered himself as a â€Å"fortunate traveler who has shuttled between Communities and Literacies by economy class.† The author argued that the conventions governing academic discourse are different because the cultur e of different discourses communities; the evaluation standards on literature depends on audiences themselves, which are quite subjective; the problem of style can be ideological and has a different outlook because it hindered people whoRead MoreDesign A Year 1 Mathematics Learning Experience1207 Words   |  5 PagesGeometry The purpose of this assignment is to design a Year 1 mathematics learning experience which integrates some aspects of Measurement and geometry. 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I feel that earning this degree will allow me to gain

Android App for Ambient Light Sensors -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAndroid App for Ambient Light Sensors. Answer: The ambient light sensors implemented in the mobile devices provide the illumination data and the data helps in improving the screen brightness of the mobile under sunlight, the data also helps in decreasing the screen brightness in absence of light to lessen eye fatigue. The summary will highlight the side channel by which the security breaches can be detected, different algorithms and mechanisms will also be showcased. The ambient light sensors leak sensitive information of the mobile which helps the intruders to steal the information. In this way, the security and the privacy of the mobile can be compromised. Side channels can access the security threats; side channels can detect the unwanted information leakage (Aviv et al. 2012). The security information like Personal Identification Number (PIN) and the unlock pattern can be traced and tracked by exploring the light sensor in the mobile phones. The PIN can be detected and some notable authors have suggested the methods, the window size of the phone can be moved over the sensor data to detect the input PIN, while some other suggested the PIN data can be found by capturing vibrations from the phones microphone while the user presses a touchscreen button (Gibler et al. 2012). By utilising the Matlabs StatisticsToolbox and machine-learning algorithm, the unknown PIN can be determined. Lastly, by comparing the classification algorithm mechanisms like logistic regression mechanisms, KNN mechanisms and discriminant analysis mechanisms the PIN can be detected (Aviv et al. 2012). However, there are certain limitations, if the users edit the PIN in between while writing PIN or while the user is entering the PIN during a walk around, the PIN cannot be recognised. It can be concluded from the summary that the light sensor of the mobile phone has certain advantages as well as certain security risks associated with it. The PIN, the unlock pattern can be identified by the algorithms and mechanisms discussed. References J. Aviv, B. Sapp, M. Blaze, and J. M. Smith. Practicality of Accelerometer Side Channels on Smartphones. In Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC), pages 4150, 2012 Gibler, J. Crussell, J. Erickson, and H. Chen. Android Leaks: Automatically Detecting Potential Privacy Leaks in Android Applications on a Large Scale. In Trust and Trustworthy Computing (TRUST), pages 291307, 2012.

Women in combat1 Essay Example For Students

Women in combat1 Essay In the 1970s, the services traditional attitude toward women was challenged; change was forced upon a reluctant establishment (Holm, 198). The decision to end the draft was the catalyst to such change. This decision allowed for womens participation in the armed forces in unprecedented numbers. The United States Armed Forces have more female numbers than any other nation in the world, both in actual numbers and in percentages (Holm, 1982). The drive for an all-volunteer force, along with an aggressive tide of feminism and congressional passage of the equal rights Amendments led to a gradual shift in the role and status of women in the military (Holm, 1982). In todays military, women were no longer confined to traditional roles in the medical and administrative fields. Almost all military job categories and military occupational specialties (MOS) have been opened to women. They now repair tanks, warplanes, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). They serve on naval vessels tha t deploy to service ships and submarines of the operational fleet and on Coast Guard cutters operating off United States shores. They serve on missile crews, operate heavy equipment, and direct air traffic. They also provide essential support to combat troops in the field (Holm, 1982). It appears that women have been integrated into practically every aspect of the military; yet there are some jobs that remain closed to them, namely-direct combat specialties (Holm, 1982; Goldman, 1982). It is over these residual exclusions that controversy rages. We will write a custom essay on Women in combat1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Technically, women are barred by low or policy from what is defined in narrow terms as combat. Each of the United States Armed Services excludes females from active Combat. The nature and extent of the exclusion varies with each service. Yet, many argue that the distinction between combat and non-combat becomes blurred in the context of women warfare (Gilder, 1979; Holm, 1982, Goldman, 1982). In actually, many women are assigned to jabs that will expose them to enemy attack, and this has been openly acknowledged by the top Pentagon officials (Women in combat-closer than you think, 1980). The United States Army has also recognized that women would be deployed in combat zones as an inevitable consequence of their assignments. This was confirmed in the following statement made by then Army Chief of Staff, General Bernad W. Rogers: Some people believe that women soldiers will not be deployed in the event of hostilities: that they are only to be part-time soldiers here in peace, gone in w ar. Women are an essential part of the force; they will deploy with their units and they will serve in the skills in which they have been trained (Holm, 1982, p. 286). It appears that the combat exclusion policy does not realistically exclude women from combat, and it seems the militarys reliance on women is increasing. Schneider (1988) conducted interviews with women in traditionally male jobs, asking them what they felt their status would become if a war broke out. In general, they believed that they could not and would not be removed in combat situation (p. 162). The following was taken from two of these interviews. Ive already asked, said a first flight engineer on a C-5, what happens if Im sitting on alert in Europe somewhere and something really happens? Does that mean that they dont have a legal crew anymore because the engineer cant go? A Coast Guard female lieutenant had this to say: I was the trained CIC officer, responsible for the combat information center. Along with a team of radar men, CIC must plot all enemy and friendly forces and advise the bridge of such things as incoming missiles. Im the one thats used to working with these guy s. That was the purpose of sending us through that simulated training, so that we could get used to working together as a team. What would they do? They couldnt just fly me off and stick somebody else in there (Schneider, 1988, p.162). .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .postImageUrl , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:hover , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:visited , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:active { border:0!important; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:active , .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9 .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u96a5062ceff317d786e4a6fe131329d9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Constantinople as the eastern capital of the empir EssayIt appears that the United States military is in a position where women are so fully and flexibly involved in the organizational structure, that in a war, it would be very difficult to separate them out. Yet, there are those who feel those women are not physically and mentally capable of withstanding the effects of combat. There are many grounds on which this argument could be disputed; some are as follows. Women have contributed greatly in past wars. They have served in combat in many skills during World War II, Korea, and Vietnam (Holm, 1982). One study (Binkin Bath, 1977) found that many NATO and several WARSAW PA CT countries employed women in combat roles during World War II. Russia was reported as using military women on the front lines. In Israel, where they are actually conscripted, women have also experienced armed combat. Binkin and Bech (1977) found that in the first phase of Israels war of Liberation, one out of every five soldiers was female and they shared equality in both offensive and defensive battle situations (p. 134). Holm (1982) found that some 7,500 military women served in S.E. Asia during the Viet Nam War. She maintains that these women proved .the modern American military woman is fully capable of functioning effectively in a military role in a combat environment, even under direct hostile fire (p. 207). The United States Army has even conducted its own tests to examine the performance of individual units with women in the field, under simulated combat conditions (Goldman, 1982). The first test, labeled MAX-WAC studied women in three-day field exercise, and assessed their effect on unit performance. The second test, REF-WAC, studied women in thirty-day sustained combat related exercises during the NATO annual REFORGER exercises in Europe. The tests proved that women did not adversely impact unit performance. According to Goldman (1982), these tests provided a great deal of evidence that military women can perform on a par with their male peers; and in terms of their psychological that women are not inferior to men. In general, military women feel the argument that they are not fit for combat physically is irrelevant, as combat is no longer characterized by physical activity. The technological and industrial advances of the twentieth century have caused extensive changes in the nature of warfare (Goldman, Holm, 1982; Gilder, 1979). Due to this changing nature of warfare and military technology, .combat will no longer depend on bayonets and physical force rather on lasers, microprocessors and other sophisticated devices that gender obsolete the conventional images of battle (Gilder, 1979, p. 29). Clearly advanced technology requires a more highly educated workforce, and it has been maintained that military women do fit in such category. According to a back ground study on women in the military done by Commander Richard Hunter, one of the Pentagons leading experts on personnel matters, military women are better educated than military men and score higher on aptitude tests. He found that more than 90% of women recruits have high school diplomas, compared with only 60% of men, and women aptitude scores are approximately 20% higher than the men (Gilder, 1979). Women have clearly demonstrated their capabilities and their potential for future contributions to the military. Their most recent victory was achieved in the Persian Gulf War. There, women helicopter pilots participated in an air assault for first time. They were involved in airlifting the 101st Airborne into Iraq, in what has been called the largest helicopter action in military history (GI Jill deserves a shot at combat, 1991, p. 36). In general many feel that the experience of the Persian Gulf War has called for a new look at the ban on women in combat roles. Indeed, very recently the House Armed Services Committee took the first step toward abolishing the combat inclusion rule. They approved legislation authorizing the Pentagon to assign female pilots to fly fighter and bomber combat missions (GI Jill, 1991). Clearly, this will accelerate the trend already established toward eliminating womens combat exclusions. .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .postImageUrl , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:hover , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:visited , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:active { border:0!important; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:active , .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28 .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9c5249c9b1c8a296f0d31360d9812c28:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Time In History EssayAs public opinion is a force in shaping policy, the attitudes of the American public must also be considered. A national survey of 560 Americans aged eighteen to twenty-four conducted by the Gallup organization asked the following question concerning women in combat: If women are drafted, should they be required to take combat roles as men are, should they be given combat roles only if they volunteer for them, or should they not be eligible for them? (Goldman, 1982, p.284). The responses were as follows:MaleFemaleGiven Combat Roles As Men 12% 9%Only if Volunteer61% 74%Not Eligible26% 16%Clearly, the majority of the survey population, men and women al ike favored the inclusion of women in combat roles on a voluntary basis. A data analysis taken from a General Social Survey done in 1988 reveals similar liberal attitudes of general population regarding the role of women. When asked to respond to the statement, Women should take care of home, not country, it was shown that the majority, including both male and females respondents, disagreed with the statement. Overall, more women disagreed than men, but this could be explained by the fact that there were more women in survey population than men. Yet overall, there were also more women who agreed than there was men; strikingly the percentages show that men are more likely to disagree with the statement than women are. The same results were seen when the question Should women work was asked. Clearly, it has been demonstrated that women are a valuable resource to the military. Women are thoroughly integrated into the armed forces, and they are now so dependent on women that it would be virtually impossible to go into combat without them. In large part, women have already proved themselves. One needs only look at their role in past wars. Regardless of the combat exclusion rule, women have served in combat roles throughout out history and it is inevitable that they will need for future combat roles. War has become much more diverse in the skills it demands. Today, combat is as much a matter of technical expertise, as physical strength. This increase in skill requirements further signifies the militarys need for all dependence on women; they are currently serving in highly technical roles. Along with the changing role of women in the military, American attitudes a nature and roles of women in our society are also changing. Polls and statistics have shown that there is a clear tendency toward liberalization in terms of womens roles. Indeed, the majority of American believes women should be allowed into combat roles if they are willing. In general, the use of women in essentially combat environments has been considered successfully, and will certainly have implications for their future roles. It may take some time for liberal policies to be implemented but the preliminary groundwork has been laid. In light of the Persian Gulf War, the first significant steps have already been taken toward allowing military women to serve in combat roles. Bibliography:Bach, S., Binkin, M. (1977). Women and the military. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Department of the Army. (1982). Women in the Army policy review. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. GI Jill deserves a shot at combat. (1991, 10 May). Daily News, p. 36. Gilder, G. (1979, January 28). The case against women in combat. The New York Times Magazine, p. 29. Goldman, N. (1982). Female soldiers-combatants or noncombatants?Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. Holm, J. (1982). Women in the military. Novato, California: Presidio Press. Schneider, Carl Dorothy. (1988). Sound off. New York: Dutton. Women in combat: Closer than you think. (1980, 3 March). U.S. News and World Report, p. 31.